Brushless motor definition:
Brushless DC motors use semiconductor switching devices to achieve electronic commutation, using electronic switching devices to replace traditional contact commutators and brushes. The brushless DC motor is composed of a permanent magnet rotor, a multi-pole winding stator, and a position sensor. Position sensing commutates the current of the stator winding in a certain order according to the change of the rotor position. The operating voltage for the stator windings is provided by an electronic switching circuit controlled by the position sensor output.
Why should brushless motors be used in actual production?
Compared with brushless motors, brushed motors are called DC motors or carbon brush motors. They are the most widely used motor type in actual production and are currently the largest motor type. When the motor is working, the coil and commutator rotate, but the magnets and carbon brushes do not rotate. The alternating changes in the direction of the coil current are completed by the phase commutator and brushes that rotate with the motor. This type of motor has the advantages of relatively low cost, high torque, simple structure, and easy maintenance. However, due to structural limitations, the shortcomings are also obvious:
1. Mechanical commutation can easily produce sparks, causing friction between the commutator and brushes, electromagnetic interference, high noise, and short service life.
2. It has complex structure, poor reliability, many faults and requires frequent maintenance.
3. Due to the existence of the commutator, the further decrease of the rotor inertia is limited, which affects the dynamic performance.
Therefore, brushless motors emerged based on production and use needs. The brushless motor uses a Hall sensor instead of a carbon brush commutator and uses NdFeB as the permanent magnet material of the rotor. It has great advantages over ordinary traditional DC motors in terms of performance.
Brushless motor features:
1. High reliability,
2. No commutation spark,
3. Low mechanical noise,
4. High efficiency,
5. Low energy consumption,
6. Low noise,
7.Super long life,
8. High reliability,
9. Can be controlled by servo,
10. Stepless frequency conversion speed regulation
The brushless motor power system consists of three parts: the rotor, the stator and the position sensor. Position sensing commutates the current of the stator winding in a certain order according to the change of the rotor position. The operating voltage for the stator windings is provided by an electronic switching circuit controlled by the position sensor output.
The brushless DC motor relies on changing the alternating frequency and waveform of the current wave input to the stator coil of the brushless motor to form a magnetic field around the winding coil that rotates around the geometric axis of the motor. This magnetic field drives the permanent magnets on the rotor. Turn it and the motor will start working. The performance of the motor is related to factors such as the number of magnets, the magnetic flux intensity of the magnets, and the input voltage of the motor. It is also closely related to the control performance of the brushless motor.
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